In much of the US, progress made in the Covid-19 fight has turned into progress lost

Remember the progress made in suppressing Covid-19 during the painful economic shutdowns?

In some states, much of those gains have been erased after an abysmal July that shattered records for new cases, hospitalizations or deaths.

“I want to be very clear: What we are seeing today is different from March and April,” Dr. Deborah Birx, the White House’s coronavirus task force coordinator, told CNN’s Dana Bash on Sunday.

“It is extraordinarily widespread. This epidemic right now is different … and it’s both rural and urban.”

From a hospital calling in help with the Feds, to the disproportional impact on the Latino population, California is struggling with its coronavirus count, just a few months after re-popening.

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In the past month, the US has seen:

– The highest number of new Covid-19 cases since the pandemic began.

– Test positivity rates increasing in 32 states.

– Record-high hospitalizations or deaths in several states.

– 10 days with more than 1,000 new Covid-19 deaths.

Now the race is on to try to rein in Covid-19 before more classrooms reopen – and before more states might have to shut down again.

Almost 2 million new cases in 1 month

July saw the biggest number of new cases of any month since the pandemic began, with more than 1.9 million new cases, according to data from Johns Hopkins University.

And that’s not just due to testing.

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While the number of tests performed has increased, the test positivity rate has also increased. That means a larger percentage of tests performed turn out to be positive.

Had the rise in new case numbers just been the result of increased testing, “the percent positive line could look flat or like it is decreasing over the time period when cases increased,” according to Johns Hopkins University.

But that’s not what’s happening. As of Sunday, 32 states had higher test positivity rates over the past week compared to the previous week – suggesting “increased transmission,” Johns Hopkins said on its Coronavirus Resource Center website.

“If we see the percentage of positive tests begin to rise, it indicates insufficient testing to find infections that may be occurring,” Johns Hopkins said. “Not finding these infections may mean that the virus is transmitting without intervention, which can lead to future case growth.”

Record hospitalizations and deaths

While some states’ numbers are starting to improve, several states have recently endured their highest numbers of Covid-19 hospitalizations or deaths – two metrics that can’t be attributed to increased testing.

Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis puts on his mask as he leaves a news conference at Jackson Memorial Hospital, Monday, July 13, 2020, in Miami. DeSantis acknowledged Monday that the new coronavirus is spreading and urged people to take precautions such as wearing masks in public places, social distancing and avoiding crowds. (AP Photo/Wilfredo Lee)

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– Florida broke its daily record for new Covid-19 deaths every day for four days in a row. On Friday, the state reported 257 additional deaths, surpassing its previous record of 253 deaths on Thursday.

– Last Wednesday, California reported 197 deaths, its highest number of coronavirus deaths in a single day. That shattered California’s previous grim record of 159, set just a week earlier.

– Last Tuesday, North Carolina reported a record number of 1,244 Covid-19 hospitalizations.

– Texas broke its hospitalization record twice in two days. On July 21, the Lone Star State had 10,848 Covid-19 patients. The next day, the number jumped to 10,893 hospitalized patients.

– Texas also reported 197 deaths on July 23, the highest daily death toll since the beginning of the pandemic.

– Arizona reported 147 deaths on July 18, its highest daily number of Covid-19 deaths.

– Tennessee reported 37 deaths on July 23, its highest number of deaths in a single day.

Why are these resurgences happening?

Some medical experts say states reopened too early, far short of meeting national guidelines on reopening.

Others point to a lack of personal responsibility by many Americans – such as failing to wear a mask or ignoring social distancing after states reopened.

SILVER SPRING, MARYLAND - MAY 11: Maryland Cremation Services transporter Morgan Dean-McMillan gently moves the remains of a coronavirus victim onto a stretcher in the morgue at Adventist HealthCare White Oak Medical Center May 11, 2020 in Silver Spring, Maryland. MCS transporters travel hundreds of miles a day throughout the Washington Metro area while retrieving the remains of COVID-19 victims from hospitals and other care facilities to prepare them for cremation. The workload at the crematory is beginning to return to normal -- about nine cremations a day -- but during the recent height of the pandemic they processed an unprecedented 19 cremations in one day. For Dean-McMillan, 30, working in the cremation and funerary business is as much a calling as a career choice. She says God tells her it's the right thing for her to do when she comforts people who have lost a loved one. "I'm where I'm supposed to be," she said. She will begin funerary school in the fall. (Photo by Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)

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“There are three or four kinds of epidemics” that are fueling the spread, said William Haseltine, chairman and president of ACCESS Health International. They include:

– Young people who are socializing and ignoring physical distancing.

– Essential workers who are in frequent contact with members of the public.

– People who live in crowded living conditions.

– People in nursing homes or correctional facilities where the virus can easily spread.

“But there’s another one which I am very worried about, which is our schools,” Haseltine said.

“The latest data just shows that children under five have 10 to 100 times as much virus in their nose” compared to older children and adults.

Is there any good news?

Yes. Some states have decreasing rates of infection, hospitalizations and deaths – paving the way for full economic reopenings.

GREENWICH, CONNECTICUT - MAY 20: A waiter serves patrons at L'escale restaurant on May 20, 2020 in Greenwich, Connecticut. After two months of lockdown due to the coronavirus pandemic, Connecticut partially reopened some businesses today, one of the last states to begin to do so. Restaurants can now serve patrons at outdoor seating at socially-distanced tables. Employees must wear masks. (Photo by John Moore/Getty Images)

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The most successful states mandated face masks early, started reopening later than others and found innovative solutions to fight the virus.

And while the US still struggles with testing shortages and delays – making it difficult to isolate those infected – many of the steps needed to quash Covid-19 are actually pretty easy.

The two most important steps are social distancing and wearing a face mask when you might come in contact with others, said Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

“It’s not rocket science,” he told CNN in late July. “If we all did (both) uniformly, I believe that we could turn things around.”

CNN’s Tina Burnside, Cheri Mossburg, Raja Razek and Jamiel Lynch contributed to this report.