Chinese fighter jet ‘chaffs’ Australian plane near South China Sea, Canberra alleges

A Chinese fighter jet’s aggressive maneuvers endangered the crew of an Australian reconnaissance plane as it patrolled in the vicinity of the South China Sea, Australia’s Defense Ministry claimed Sunday.

The Chinese J-16 drew alongside the Australian P-8 while it was on a routine surveillance mission in international airspace last month before releasing flares and chaff that entered at least one of the Australian aircraft’s engines, Australian Defense Minister Richard Marles said.

Military planes usually release chaff – typically tiny strips of aluminum or zinc – as a deliberate countermeasure to confuse missiles, but can also use it to sabotage pursuing aircraft.

In a statement, Australia’s Defense Ministry described the encounter as “a dangerous maneuver which posed a safety threat to the P-8 aircraft and its crew.”

“The J-16 aircraft flew very close to the side of the P-8 … in flying close to the side, it released flares,” Marles told Australia’s 9News in an televised interview.

“The J-16 then accelerated and cut across the nose of the P-8, settling in front of the P-8 at a very close distance.

“At that moment it then released a bundle of chaff, which contains small pieces of aluminum, some of which were ingested into the engine of the P-8 aircraft. Quite obviously, this is very dangerous,” Marles said.

A Chinese PLA J-16 fighter jet in an undated file photo released by the Taiwan Ministry of Defense.

When ingested, chaff can damage a jet engine’s blades and in extreme instances can even shut it down, said Peter Layton, a former Australian Air Force officer who is now a fellow at the Griffith Asia Institute.

While the P-8 can operate on only one of its two engines, the alleged incident would have forced it to return to base, effectively ending its patrol, Layton said.

A Royal Australian Air Force P-8 Poseidon aircraft at an airbase in Amberly, Australia, on January 17, 2022.

Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said his government had raised the issue with Beijing.

“This was not safe, what occurred, and we’ve made appropriate representations to the Chinese government expressing our concern,” Albanese said.

The Australian aircraft was flying “in accordance with international law, exercising the right to freedom of navigation and overflight in international waters, and airspace,” he said.

Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese.

In a statement Tuesday, Chinese Defense Ministry spokesman Tan Kefei accused Australia of “approaching Chinese airspace” close to the Paracel Islands, a disputed archipelago claimed by China, Vietnam and Taiwan in the northwestern part of the South China Sea.

“The People’s Liberation Army Southern Theater Command therefore deployed naval and air forces to identify, verify and issue warnings to dispel the Australian warplane,” said Tan, adding the Chinese military “responded with professional, safe, reasonable and legal measures.”

“We sternly warn Australia to immediately stop similarly dangerous and provocative acts, and strictly control its naval and air force missions; otherwise, it will have to bear all serious consequences from its actions,” said Tan.

China claims almost all of the 1.3 million square mile South China Sea, and has built up tiny reefs and sandbars far from its coastline into man-made artificial islands, heavily fortified with missiles, runways and weapons systems – prompting outcry from other governments.

Second time in a week

This is the second time in a week that Chinese aircraft have been accused of endangering the reconnaissance flights of other militaries.

On Wednesday, Canada said Chinese warplanes buzzed its reconnaissance aircraft enforcing United Nations sanctions on North Korea.

In some instances the Chinese warplanes came so close the Canadian aircraft had to change course to avoid a collision, the Canadian Armed Forces said.

“In these interactions, PLAAF aircraft did not adhere to international air safety norms,” said Dan Le Bouthillier, media relations chief of the Canadian Armed Forces.

Tensions between China and Australia have been simmering much of this year.

Crewmembers aboard the Coast Guard Cutter Myrtle Hazard stand watch on the bridge while underway in Oceania. The crew recently helped to fill the operational presence needed by conducting maritime surveillance to deter illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing in the northern Solomon Islands. (U.S. Coast Guard photo courtesy of Coast Guard Cutter Juniper)

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In February, Australia alleged that a Chinese warship used a laser to “illuminate” an Australian P-8 in waters off the country’s north coast. Directing a laser at an aircraft can damage the pilots’ sight and put the aircraft in jeopardy, according to the US Federal Aviation Administration.

The Australian government called that act “dangerous” and “reckless.”

But Beijing said the Australian allegations were untrue and that its warship was acting in accordance with international law. It accused Australia of “maliciously spreading false information about China.”

China and Australia have also been at odds over Beijing’s effort to pursue new security agreements with a range of Pacific island nations that have been close partners of Australia in the past.

There have been other close encounters between Chinese and foreign warplanes over the years.

The worst of these occurred in 2001, when a Chinese fighter jet collided with a US Navy reconnaissance plane over the South China Sea.

In that case, the pilot of the Chinese F-8 fighter was killed and the US plane had to make an emergency landing on China’s Hainan Island. The 24 US crew members were held on the Chinese island for 11 days before their release.

This story has been updated with additional reporting and reaction.