The best espresso machines in 2024, tried and tested

An espresso drink is a mainstay of American café culture, and the espresso machines in these cafés help professional baristas create this all-important elixir of freshly roasted coffee grounds and steamed milk. Underscored has recently explored the vibrant coffee culture in New York City, interviewing coffee makers at places like a historic coffee bean-importing company, a vintage roasting company, a popular street coffee cart and more.

We also have many years of experience conducting hands-on testing of all kinds of home appliances that help you brew coffee — from the best Nespresso machines, coffee grinders and drip coffee makers to the best single-serve and cold brew coffee makers and portable espresso machines. In recent years, we’ve seen a huge spike of interest in home espresso machines, so to help you get the closest café experience at home, we tested 21 espresso machines over six weeks. The espresso machines we tested ranged in price from around $87to nearly $2,000, boasting wildly varying feature sets, performance, technologies and build quality.

After going through over 20 pounds of coffee and pulling hundreds of shots, we’ve found the seven best extracting, crema-producing, milk-frothing espresso machines you can use at home.

Best affordable espresso machine: De’Longhi Stilosa

The De’Longhi Stilosa is the espresso machine you should consider if you want real café-quality drinks at home and need to spend as little as possible. It’s a capable machine, though it takes a little technique and practice to get the best results. You’ll need to grind the coffee to powder level (all espresso machines need to be paired with a good grinder) and make sure you tamp properly.

Even with a lot of espresso experience, we threw away about a dozen shots as we got the hang of the De’Longhi Stilosa. The machine heats up quickly and is ready to go in about a minute, though you’ll need to prime the pump to move water through the system before pulling your first shot. But once we got comfortable with the machine, we could easily pull satisfying shots. The drinks weren’t on the level of our better-built, more full-featured recommendations like the Bambino Plus or Gaggia Classic Pro, but again, this is a solid product for the money.

To froth the milk, you’ll need another 15 or 20 seconds to ramp up to steam mode. It does a solid job for basic milk drinks, but you won’t be able to produce latte-art-quality microfoam.

The De’Longhi Stilosa is perfect for someone who drinks an occasional espresso or has one in the morning, but it isn’t as sturdy as the more expensive machines. Its plasticky construction isn’t likely to hold up in the long term, and it probably isn’t worth replacing or repairing the pump once it wears out (vibratory pumps can wear out with heavy use in as little as a couple of years) as you might on a more expensive machine.

The De’Longhi Stilosa also uses a nonstandard dual-wall pressurized portafilter, which is meant to let you use pre-ground or coarse-ground coffee, though it can be difficult and messy to tamp and clean up with the lightweight, plastic supplied tamper, so you’ll want a straight edge to level it, such as the flat end of a knife. The plastic tamper is flimsy and can be hard to use to compress your coffee puck.

If you’re on a strict budget or just exploring the idea of home espresso, then the Stilosa is a reasonable purchase that can make great coffee, if not last a lifetime. If you can’t find the De’Longhi Stilosa, the Capresso EC is a similar machine with nearly identical build quality and performance. So much so that we had a hard time deciding between the two. We give the edge to the De’Longhi Stilosa because of its longer warranty: two years compared to Capresso EC’s one.

Best compact automatic espresso machine: Breville Bambino Plus

The Bambino Plus is Breville’s entry-level compact espresso machine, and with its speedy startup, automated functions and solid build quality it’s a good choice for beginners who want high-quality espresso drinks without practice or guesswork. Other machines in this price range of similar build quality don’t offer the same amount of digital control or convenience available in the Bambino Plus.

The Bambino Plus incorporates many features?Breville uses on its more expensive and larger machines, so you can easily get a ton of control over your shots. More importantly for many users, its ThermoJet thermocoil heats up in three seconds, so you’ll be ready to pull a shot almost immediately after turning it on. Many traditional espresso machines take 10 minutes or more to come up to temperature.

A built-in “proportional-integral-derivative,” or PID, control keeps the temperature accurate, and you can choose and program settings for shot temperature and timing. Plus, the process is automated; you push a button and the machine pulls the shot according to predefined settings. Everything on the machine is operated digitally via the lighted front panel buttons — there’s not even a dedicated power switch.

With the right powder coffee grind, we found this machine pulls an above-average shot of espresso with good crema when using the included nonpressurized baskets. The integrated milk frother with an adjustable wand (up and down only) works well for latte and cappuccino, and it has a hot water setting if you want to use it to make tea. We struggled, however, to achieve the truly café-quality microfoam the company claims in its literature, at least in the time we had the machine.

The reservoir is decently sized and simple to remove; it lifts out easily, though if the machine is flush against the kitchen wall, it must be rotated to access it. It comes with a light, noncalibrated, nonstandard 54mm tamper that can be replaced for about $35, though there are third-party alternatives available. The drip tray is easy to remove and clean, but it’s small and can overflow easily, which is typical of compact models. This means you’ll want to remove and clean it after every couple of shots. You’ll also want a decent grinder to pair with this machine if you expect to produce the powder-level grind needed for optimal performance.

The Bambino has a sleek design and is available in a range of finishes to match your kitchen decor, but as with most Breville equipment, it isn’t as easily user-serviceable as a traditional machine like the Gaggia Classic Pro, which is easily repaired (or upgraded) at home with standard tools.

That said, should something go wrong, Breville’s customer service is excellent and easy to work with in our experience, and extended warranties are available for the Bambino Plus. Typically Breville can either repair or offer an exchange on a refurbished model at a significant discount if you run into issues with the machine.

The Bambino Plus is about the same price as the Gaggia Classic Pro, which we also recommend, but it’s a very different machine. The Gaggia Classic Pro, with its traditional design and all-analog controls, is meant for those interested in getting into espresso as a hobby. The Breville Bambino Plus, with its fast-heating thermocoil design and digital convenience, is intended for someone who isn’t looking to develop barista skills but wants good espresso drinks with a minimum of fuss — and it delivers just that.

Best espresso machine for beginning coffee hobbyists: Gaggia Classic Pro

The Gaggia Classic Pro is a traditionalist’s home espresso machine and has been the gateway to a serious coffee hobby for many espresso enthusiasts. The Gaggia Classic Pro is built much like it has been for the past three decades: no advanced electronics, three plastic rocker switches for controls (on/off, shot pull/pump and steam mode). The manual steam valve is operated by a plastic knob that you open and close to control the level of steam.

It’s a very different experience than the Breville Bambino Plus — it demands more effort, but if you put in that effort you can get better results, and if you’re the kind of person who likes to fine-tune your recipes, it will suit you well. The Gaggia Classic Pro is a semiautomatic machine, meaning you manually control the shot length, and there’s no programmability.

You’ll have to learn a little about pulling espresso shots to properly use this machine. But once you hone your home barista skills, you’ll find the simple design and controls will give you the maximum amount of control over your coffee-making experience, and it’s capable of making excellent coffee drinks. It will give you a feeling for the variables of espresso brewing — temperature, grind size and pressure — that you won’t get from an automatic like the Bambino Plus.

We recommend using the Gaggia Classic Pro for a while before deciding if you ever need anything more sophisticated. For many people, this will be the only home espresso machine they will ever need. We know folks who have had them for 20-plus years and have not done more than change filter baskets, or on the rare instance, added a PID for more accurate temperature control. Since it’s been around for so long, spare parts and upgrade kits are easily available, and the Gaggia Classic Pro is so simple to work on you can take care of repairs and modifications with everyday tools.

We struggled with recommending the Gaggia Classic Pro or its longtime rival, the Rancilio Silvia M V6. Frankly, both are great machines. The Gaggia Classic Pro is the Fiat of the home espresso machine world, while its longtime rival, the Silvia, is the slightly more upscale, sportier Alfa Romeo.

The Gaggia Classic Pro has a 3.5-ounce boiler made of aluminum, which uses external heating elements, whereas the Rancilio sports an internal heating element for its 12-ounce boiler made of brass. The Gaggia Classic Pro draws 1,425 watts of power to the Rancilio’s 952 watts. For beginning users, we give the edge to the Gaggia Classic Pro because, with more power and smaller volume, it can get up to steam temperature more quickly. And it costs much less.

Best automatic espresso machine with grinder: Breville Barista Pro

From a mechanical perspective, the Bambino Plus and the Barista Pro are almost identical and produce similar-grade espresso. However, the Barista Pro adds a coffee grinder, which can save you at least $200 if you don’t already own a good one, making the machine a good buy overall.

With the integrated grinder and the speedy ThermoJet heating system (the same used in the Bambino Plus), you can fire up the machine and enjoy an espresso in minutes —only?superautomatic machines are faster, but the Barista Pro will get you a superior drink. The Barista Pro’s digitally controlled, 30-setting integrated grinder made a powder-level, good crema-producing shot at grind level 5 using its adjustable dosage timer (we liked 15 seconds).

As with the Bambino Plus, we liked the lighted controls and especially appreciated the easy-to-read, high-contrast LCD and automated shot controls with adjustable shot temperature and length. The milk frother does a nice job with lattes and cappuccinos, the ample-sized reservoir is easy to remove and we appreciated the easy-to-clean drip tray.

The Barista series requires proprietary filter packs, which must be replaced every 30 tanks full (that’s about a two-month replacement schedule if heavily used). These go for about $14 per six-pack on Amazon. However, if you’re already softening and filtering your water in your home, your mileage might vary, and you might be able to stretch that out a bit.

The Barista Pro is in the middle of the Barista series lineup. The cheaper Barista Express ($696) doesn’t have the fast-heating ThermoJet system that powers the Bambino Plus and the Barista Pro, while the Barista Touch ($1,000) has more advanced programmability and a color touchscreen display.

Best high-end single-boiler espresso machine: ECM Casa V

The ECM Casa V is a solid, reliable, German-engineered machine that’s fun to use and a pleasure to work on. It also makes great coffee, of course. We love the sweet, crema-rich shots the machine can pull and the microfoam the milk frother can produce quickly.

The ECM Casa V’s controls are analog, with push buttons for main power, shot pull, steam mode and water mode. It has full steel construction and is extremely easy to open up, with a generous amount of space inside. At $999, you might expect the ECM Casa V to have a PID to maintain temperature, but it doesn’t, and based on our experience, the machine is so well designed and thermostabilized that it doesn’t need one. You also get a manometer to monitor pressure and better time your shots. If you’re a dedicated hobbyist trying to develop your technique, then knowing the pressure can help you diagnose why your shots are flowing too fast or slow.

The ECM is more powerful and quicker to start than the more basic single-boiler machines. The 1,200-watt, 14-ounce boiler gives it a 30-second warm-up, faster than the Gaggia Classic or the Rancilio Silvia M V6 and even faster than many thermoblock/thermocoil machines. The internal reservoir measures 3 liters as opposed to the 2-liter model used in the Silvia.

The Casa V’s low-tech, entirely electromechanical design means that it should be a dream to work on if you ever need to make repairs, such as replacing a vibratory pump, swapping a valve or?any other routine maintenance. For a machine built for a lifetime of use, the approach makes a lot of sense and is part of why we like it over more feature-rich machines in this price range like the Ascaso Dream or Nuovo Simonelli Oscar II.

Best dual-boiler espresso machine: Rancilio Silvia Pro X

When we last tested espresso machines, the Rancilio Silvia Pro emerged as our favorite dual-boiler espresso machine. The company has since revised the model, introducing the Silvia Pro X, which adds some convenience features that solidify our confidence in Rancilio’s dual-boiler offering as the best choice in the category, over such formidable competitors as the Lelit Elizabeth, Ascaso Duo and Breville Dual Boiler.

A dual-boiler machine with PID control of the temperature of both boilers, the Silvia Pro X not only resembles the older Silvia Pro (and the rest of the Silvia lineup) but performs similarly, producing exceptional shots with a rich crema using a tight powder grind. The dedicated and powerful steam boiler had steam and hot water ready to go right after pulling shots, preparing various drinks quickly and easily. The Silvia Pro X performs much more like a café-level system than a consumer system, producing superior crema and milk microfoam to the single-boiler consumer machines we tested.

The Silvia Pro X builds on the earlier Silvia Pro by adding pre-infusion (which soaks the coffee puck before pulling the shot) and a manometer (which reads pressure in the group head), giving you more control over and insight into what’s going on as you pull shots, which helps perfect your technique and — if you’re already spending this much on a near-café-quality machine — worth the extra $200 over the non-X version.

The system is dead simple to use. Once you have your grind dialed in and your brew group and boiler temperature set in the PID menu (this is entered by chording the +/- buttons on both sides of the display), you use one rocker button to start the shot pull and the same to stop it.

Although it has a manual shot clock with a digital display (the machine times your shot once you press the coffee button), the Silvia Pro X doesn’t have programmable shot timing like some of its high-end competitors, so it can’t be set to end brewing automatically. In operation, we didn’t miss programmability (and saw it as just one fewer thing to worry about) since, once we’d pulled a few shots with the Silvia Pro X, we had a good idea of how long they needed to be.

By the way, you’ll want to be sure to keep the steam boiler on (it can be turned off separately from the main boiler) if you know you’re going to make several latte drinks on demand, as it can take about 10 minutes to warm up.

Like the other Silvia models, the Silvia Pro X has a 2-liter reservoir tank and can be plumbed in for permanent installation with an extra kit. We appreciated how easy the Silvia Pro X was to open and service, with a clean internal layout that makes all parts easy to access. You can also replace all the housing panels if you’d like to customize the look to match your kitchen (the machine comes in black, white, stainless steel or pink finishes).

A machine that lets users perform routine repairs (many espresso enthusiasts get interested in the inner workings of their machines, so it’s nice to have the option even if you don’t think at first you’ll need it) without requiring expensive bench technician labor is a huge plus, and that’s part of why the Silvia Pro X came out on top.

Best superautomatic espresso machine: Philips 3200 LatteGo Espresso Machine

All superautomatic machines — which grind, dose, pull your shot and froth milk at the touch of a single button — are a compromise compared to their automatic cousins. Only the most expensive ones produce comparable shots or froth milk equally well. But for people who want freshly ground coffee in their espresso shots and latte drinks, and appreciate the instant gratification of a pod system such as a Keurig or Nespresso, a superautomatic is a solid choice.

The Philips 3200 LatteGo had the best mix of features and performance at its price point. It’s more compact than the basic Gaggia and Jura superautomatics, and it pulls a reasonably decent shot of espresso with good crema, shot temperature and flavor.

The ample water reservoir is easy to remove, and we liked the simple lighted push button controls that allow for an easy guided and personalized drink creation experience. The bean hopper is easy to load, although its capacity is not as high as others we tested. The preprogrammed drink types (espresso, coffee, Americano, macchiato and cappuccino) have easily adjustable settings (strength, water volume and milk volume)?that let you customize each drink type before execution.

The LatteGo — a hot-pluggable milk frother/heater and jug attachment — produced better hot milk consistency than other superautomatic machines we tested. However, it is made of plastic, just like the entire machine. It’s also easy to overfill and will start leaking unless it’s snapped correctly into its holder and attached correctly to the machine, while the spout needs constant cleaning. By comparison, the Jura D6 design (with the container piped into the machine on the side) is less prone to failure or mess, though the results weren’t as good to our taste.

As with all superautomatics, the coffee grind disposal hopper and drip tray must be cleaned regularly, but it’s easy to pull out, empty, wash under the sink and slide again into action. The machine also turns itself off automatically after a preset period and can be quickly woken up again.

How we tested

We dedicated an area of our home kitchen to test these systems, with an isolated circuit normally used for a high-end café-quality espresso machine, with whole-home water softening and a triple-stage under-sink water filtration system.

Although some of these machines allow for pre-ground coffee, either with a specialized pressurized portafilter basket or a separate pre-ground hopper (as in the case of the superautomatics), for consistency and quality of results, we only chose to use fresh ground, whole bean coffee. For our tests, we purchased bags of Mayorga Organics?Café Cubano?(dark roast) and?Mayan Blend?(medium roast) both available at Costco, both of which are inexpensive, high-quality whole-bean coffee blends that perform well and extract consistently, with good crema and flavor, with the variety of machines we used.

The grinder used was a $1,600?Mazzer Major, a commercial-quality unit, set to a fine powder setting (near level 1) and adjusted/dialed in within millimeters per machine as needed until proper extraction was achieved. For consumer use, we recommend the Baratza Virtuoso+ Conical Burr Coffee Grinder With Digital Timer, which we named the best burr coffee grinder in our best coffee grinder tested roundup.

For nonstandard portafilter sizes, we used the accessories provided with each machine for filter baskets, portafilter and tamping. On 58mm portafilters, we used a combination of OEM-supplied filter baskets and 18-gram (double shot) precision laser-cut VST baskets for professional barista use to observe consistent results across machines with the tester’s tamping technique. In addition to various leveling tools, we used?Espro Calibrated?and the?Decent V4 self-leveling?tampers on 58mm portafilters in addition to OEM-supplied.

All machines were unpacked and installed per manufacturer instructions, including initial water priming, water hardness testing and installation of water filter packs if required.

We focused on the following criteria when testing each model:

Performance

Build and design

Care

Everything you need to know about espresso machines

The espresso machine, which brews highly concentrated coffee by forcing hot water under pressure through fine-ground beans, was developed in Italy around the turn of the 20th century. Initially aimed at increasing café speed and productivity, espresso machines have evolved to become smaller versions and popular home appliances over the last 120 years. Various technologies have been used to miniaturize the components needed to make this style of extracted coffee accessible for home users.

Major components

Group head

Also referred to as the brew group, or the brew head, or simply “the group,” it’s where the actual brewing of coffee occurs. Hot water flows from the boiler (and through any other heating elements that may be used) through the group and into the portafilter, containing the filter basket packed with tamped and finely grounded roasted coffee, which is locked into place under the group.

Group heads pick up coffee fines and oils over time and require periodic cleaning of accumulated oils and coffee grind particles, either by disassembly or by using a backflush plate/blank portafilter insert (supplied with most machines) and detergent, such as Urnex Cafiza cleaning powder.

Portafilters

This is the handle-mounted cuplike container with a spout into which the coffee is ground before being placed into the group. It consists of a circular holder for the filter basket, which contains finely ground coffee and has tiny pinholes through which the brewed espresso shot flows into the dispensing spout. Portafilters (and filter baskets) come in different sizes and standards, such as the 58mm used on commercial equipment or in various 54mm and other manufacturer-specific sizes.

Tamper

The tamper is used to compress espresso grounds in the basket of the portafilter. The process of tamping allows for grounds to be packed evenly and densely to produce enough resistance to generate the right pressure for a quality espresso shot. Tampers can be either calibrated (for limiting compressive force applied to the coffee grinds) or uncalibrated (for users who prefer to work by feel), and they can be flat or convex according to barista preference.

With any machine that takes a standard 58mm portafilter (or other popular sizes such as the 54mm diameter used by Breville), you’ll eventually want to upgrade your tamper to something of better quality (such as the Espro or Decent, both calibrated). You’ll also probably want a leveling tool and a nude/bottomless portafilter, like the $65 Gaggia Bottomless Portafilter, for accommodating larger baskets. Also consider changing out the basket for a VST or similar professional laser-cut one, especially if you want more grams of coffee in your shot, such as we do, with an 18-gram or 22-gram basket.

Pump

The pump is the heart of the espresso machine; it moves water throughout its piped circulatory system, through the heating elements and exchange system and into the group head. Most consumer espresso machines come with a vibratory, or “vibe,” pump, which uses a piston attached to a magnet set inside a metal coil. All of the machines we evaluated in this list use vibratory pumps; more expensive systems (so-called “prosumer” machines and professional models costing $2,500 and up) use quieter, larger and more reliable rotary pumps.

In a vibratory pump, an electrical current running through the coil causes the magnet to move the piston back and forth, pushing water through the machine at about sixty oscillations per second. A vibratory pump is a fairly inexpensive and standardized part (around $44) with about a three- to five-year lifespan depending on use. Along with valves and O-rings, the vibe pump is one of the most common components to replace in an espresso machine.

If you plan on using your machine heavily?— making several espresso drinks daily —?then you should factor in the cost and difficulty of eventually servicing your machine. Many of the high-end and traditionally designed midrange machines we recommend are built to be serviced easily at home; if you aren’t confident in making this simple repair yourself, a longer warranty may be more important to you. In the case of less expensive machines, the replacement of a pump or other major component may be pricey enough — perhaps half of the replacement cost — that you’ll want to replace the machine altogether.

Thermoblocks and thermocoils

A thermoblock is a solid block of metal with embedded electrical elements that heat water to coffee-brewing temperature (starting at 195 degrees Fahrenheit) as it passes through a narrow passage. They function like tankless water heaters and are at the core of any lower-end espresso machine. They can be manufactured from different materials, such as brass or aluminum, and versions of varying build quality and performance are available. A thermocoil works similarly, heating water as it passes through a metal tube surrounded by a coiled heating element.

The main advantage of using a thermoblock or a thermocoil over a boiler in an espresso machine is that they can heat up quickly. Some thermoblock-based machines are ready to pull shots in minutes after being turned on, while many traditional boiler designs take 15 minutes or more to reach optimal temperature.

Thermoblocks and thermocoils can also produce consistent water temperature and consistent dry steam, permit highly compact espresso machine designs, are more energy-efficient and are less expensive. Machines with thermoblocks or thermocoils start at about $100 and can go up to about $1,200 depending on performance and other technologies used. Most Brevilles, except the Dual Boiler and their upper-end Oracle machines, are thermocoil-based systems.

Boiler

An insulated metal vessel, typically made of copper, stainless steel, brass or aluminum, the boiler uses a heating element to bring water to espresso-brewing temperatures (195 degrees Fahrenheit min and 205 degrees Fahrenheit max) or milk-steaming temperatures (250 degrees Fahrenheit or more) and store it for use. Espresso machines with a single boiler, heat exchanger and steam valve start at about $500, whereas systems that use dedicated boilers for steam and coffee start at around $1,700, with the sky being the limit at the top end ($5,000-plus).

A single-boiler system (that doesn’t use a heat exchange design) requires changing from shot temperature to steam temperature, which could take as long as 10 minutes. You’ll first need to pull all your shots and steam your milk, and once you get your desired steam temperature, you have to wait for the boiler to cool down to brew temperature. If you don’t, you’ll get burnt, bad-tasting shots.

In a machine with a heat exchanger, the boiler stays at the higher milk-steamer temperature so the machine is always ready for frothing while cool water from the reservoir is heated indirectly by a coiled tube running through or surrounding the steam boiler on its way to the group head for brewing. When this type of machine has been idle for more than a few minutes, an initial “group head flush” should be performed to purge the two to four ounces of extra hot water that are too hot for pulling good shots.

In a dual-boiler machine, one boiler is kept at a coffee-brewing temperature and a second steam boiler keeps water at a higher milk-steaming temperature, meaning your machine is instantly ready to steam — important if you have a large household and make several drinks at a time, or if you are entertaining. With a dual boiler, you can pull shots and steam (or vice versa) right away, if you want to.

As part of regular maintenance, espresso machines with boilers require periodic descaling, which is the removal of minerals from the interior walls of the boiler. This is done by running a descaling solution (or dissolved tablets) through the water reservoir and boiler.

Steam wand and steam valve

A small metal pipe about 5 centimeters or longer, the wand typically sticks out from the side of the group head or a separate valve head, and is capped with a nozzle with one or more openings for steam dispersion. Many designs exist, with some oriented toward latte art, others meant for ease of use and others for durability.

This steam valve is internally connected to either the main boiler, the steam boiler or the thermoblock (depending on the machine layout) via piping and directs steam to froth milk for drinks such as latte and cappuccino.

Manometer

This is the instrument, typically with an analog dial, used to measure and indicate pressure, which lets you dial in your shot more precisely. These are typically found on more expensive models that cost $1,000 and up.

Nine or 10 bar (1 bar is roughly equivalent to atmospheric pressure) is considered an optimal pressure reading for extracting the espresso coffee. A significantly lower reading (4 to 6 bar) indicates that the grind may be too coarse, and a higher reading (12 to 16 bar) means that the grind may be too fine, thus indicating a need to adjust your grind to compensate or fine-tune your tamping technique.

PID controller

The “proportional-integral-derivative,” or PID, is the microprocessor-controlled brain of a higher-end espresso machine. It regulates and stabilizes boiler or thermoblock temperature more accurately than the simple electromechanical thermostatic control (also known as a pressurestat) used on older and less expensive systems. A PID-equipped machine can give you more consistent shots, since the water temperature can affect the taste of the extracted coffee, and cut down on shot-to-shot temperature recovery time, letting you make more drinks more quickly.

Types of espresso machines

Automatic and semiautomatic

An automatic, or “auto,” espresso machine is one where coffee is ground into espresso powder in the portafilter, tamped and locked into place under the group head. Then a shot is “pulled” (even though most machines don’t use levers these days, we still use the term) or extracted with either a toggle switch, a button or a lever.

“Automatic” machines (like our compact recommendation, the Breville Bambino Plus) only require a single button press and use a timer or digital control for shot length.

“Semiautomatic” machines (such as the Gaggia Classic Pro, our recommendation for an entry-level hobbyist) require the user to start and stop the extraction process manually.

Milk frothing is handled as a separate process with the steam valve and wand, and is done by either switching the machine into a steam mode or using a dedicated steam boiler.

Modern espresso machines are referred to as “automatic” in contrast to the older style of “manual” lever-operated espresso machines. In a lever machine, the barista physically pulls the shot with a large lever attached to a piston pump — there’s no electric pump involved. It may not come as a surprise that lever machines have largely fallen out of favor since the 1940s. They do still have a small, dedicated cult following today, and models such as those from La Pavoni are still available.

Modern automatic machines incorporate many convenience features depending on price point, including integrated manometers, wake-up, standby modes and PID controllers with shot pre-infusion and shot timing. Some classic machines of this type — like the Gaggia Classic Pro and Rancilio Silvia M V6 — can easily be modified to add more functionality, with third-party PID kits, such as the Auber Instruments. Some retailers, such as Seattle Coffee Gear, also sell them premodified.

Superautomatic

A superautomatic machine is one in which the machine handles every aspect of the coffee preparation and extraction process, including grinding, tamping and shot pulling, as well as milk steaming and frothing. These systems typically have preprogrammed modes for the type of drink (espresso, Americano, latte, macchiato) and program customizations for shot length, shot temperature, milk volume and milk temperature. Superautomatic machines start at about $800, and the sky’s the limit on the upper-end, which can produce café-quality drinks — think $5,000-plus.

Every superautomatic we looked at (i.e., the Philips, Jura and Gaggia models) requires proprietary water filter packs that must be replaced every few months.

Regarding espresso drink quality, the entry-level superautomatic machines compromise coffee extraction quality and milk frothing texture for the sake of convenience. Don’t get us wrong — you’ll get a better morning coffee from one of these than from a Keurig machine. However, you won’t get café-quality espresso drinks or even automatic-level performance unless you spend thousands of dollars. The $800 price point is where you start to see a standard set of features shared by these machines, including an automatically loaded grinder with a bean hopper, an automated milk frother, a dispenser and a preprogrammed, customizable drink selection.

Where to find an espresso machine

Unless indicated and supplied by a manufacturer, we sourced these machines from Amazon and online specialty retailers like Espresso Parts, Seattle Coffee Gear and Whole Latte Love. In many cases, these retailers operate as primary distributors of these products.

Several of these shops have extensive educational materials available on their sites; they are also first-line contacts for customer service issues related to the equipment. So, if we had any issues, we went to them directly.

Other espresso machines we tested

Entry-level automatic espresso machines

The affordable Capresso EC espresso machine is a compact machine for tight kitchens. As we found with the very similar De’Longhi Stilosa, if you can manage to grind your coffee to a consistent powder level with this one, then you will be rewarded with a nicely extracted espresso with good crema.

It’s got simple lighted controls, including a master knob for steam mode and shot pull mode, with a drip tray that’s easy to remove and clean. We were impressed with the decent volume reservoir for the tiny size of the machine. The integrated milk frother with an adjustable wand makes serviceable froth that will satisfy all but the most serious café-style drink cravings.

If you don’t want to shell out the money for the Bambino Plus but still want automatic features in an affordable machine, then the De’Longhi Dedica is a good choice.

The shots we pulled with the De’Longhi Dedica were comparable to the Bambino Plus, and the machine’s portafilter and baskets are of similar design and quality. The tamper, however, is junkier than Breville’s, so we suggest replacing it with a third-party option (these are available in De’Longhi’s proprietary 51-millimeter size).

Shot time is programmable, but shot temperature isn’t. The frother performed similarly to the Breville’s, though the machine’s build quality was a bit more plasticky overall. As with the Bambino Plus, the De’Longhi Dedica requires a grinder with fine powder capability to get good results, and you should pull out and clean the drip tray often because it can overflow easily.

The proprietary, high-quality pressurized portafilter of the Solis Barista Perfetta can use pressurized and unpressurized baskets to accommodate pre-ground coffee, fresh ground or ESE pods. The tamper is heavy and well-built, and the best we’ve seen included with a machine at this price. However, no matter which basket we used and what grind settings we attempted to dial in on our $1,600 Mazzer Major — a commercial-quality grinder — we couldn’t get the correct pressure. As indicated by its built-in manometer, we either flowed too fast or were overpressurized and didn’t flow fast enough. We sent dozens of shots through the Solis Barista Perfetta to try to get it to work within specifications.

We had hoped this machine would lead the category due to its impressive build quality. Engineered in Switzerland, the company is better known for its grinders than its espresso machines. On paper, there’s a ton to like about it, and it gets rave reviews from its distributors and other publications. However, during testing, we couldn’t get this machine to extract reliably and consistently shot to shot. We eventually returned the machine. Should we figure out the issue with the manufacturer, we will update this review in the future.

Single-boiler espresso machines

Although this well-constructed, stainless steel compact machine competes fiercely against the Rancilio Silvia M at a lower price point, sporting a built-in manometer and PID temperature control, it uses a non-standard Lelit-designed 57-millimeter portafilter rather than the standard 58 millimeter. The small 250-milliliter (8.5-ounce) boiler using a 1,000W heating element also gives it a short warm-up time for both shot pull and steam modes.

However, we had trouble dialing in the grind on this machine. The Lelit Anna could not accommodate a fine powder that we were using on the other systems, as it would jam the portafilter. Nor could we use standard calibrated tampers (you’ll probably have better luck weighing your shots).

Sadly, it didn’t produce the quality of crema we expected from a machine of this type. For a single boiler, PID-controlled, manometer-equipped Lelit, we’d recommend the Victoria instead, the baby sister of the double-boiler Elizabeth, which costs around $1,800, which we did not have a chance to evaluate but is mechanically similar to the upper-end model.

It’s tough to choose between the Gaggia Classic and the Rancilio Silvia M V6. Both are manufactured in Italy, have 58-millimeter portafilters and saturated-style group heads, and accommodate standard tampers and baskets. However, the Rancilio Silvia M V6 is somewhat more standardized in its group head-locking teeth configuration. Both have nearly identical reservoir capacities, at about 2 liters.

Because of the larger, internally heated 12-ounce, 952W brass boiler, the Rancilio Silvia M V6 has a significantly more powerful steam function than the Gaggia Classic. You won’t need to open up the valve anywhere near all the way to make your 5 or 10 ounces of latte milk for your one or two drinks in the morning. The Rancilio Silvia M V6 has a commercial-style wand, whereas the Gaggia’s wand is shorter and not as flexible. I was a Rancilio Silvia user for many years, having modified one with a PID myself.

The Rancilio Silvia M V6 is very similar in terms of controls and operation to the Gaggia Classic. It has four black plastic, lighted rocker switches instead of three, as well as on/off, steam mode, brew/pump and the addition of a hot water dispenser mode. That’s it. As with the Gaggia Classic, the Rancilio Silvia M V6 uses a steam valve adjusted with an open and close knob.

Both machines are workhorses that will last a long time, and you can’t go wrong with either. They perform exquisitely, making high-quality espresso shots with excellent crema — provided you pair them with a conical burr grinder that can produce fine powder levels of ground coffee. Overall, the Rancilio Silvia M V6 is a more powerful machine than the Gaggia Classic, but it also costs a lot more.

High-end espresso machines

There were many things we liked about the Ascaso Dream PID espresso machine, not just in principle but also in execution. Manufactured in Barcelona, the Ascaso Dream PID employs a high-end thermoblock. Because of this, it has more in common with systems like the Breville Bambino Plus and the Solis Perfetta than with a traditional single boiler system. Like the Bambino Plus, it is also PID-controlled, with programmable pre-infusion and shot timing, but it is a larger machine and can use standard 58-millimeter portafilters and accessories. If you’re looking for something with Bambino-like convenience but more of a classic European machine build, then the Ascaso Dream PID is worth a look.

We were particularly impressed with the machine’s compact, retro-1960s design that uses steel toggle switches for power, steam mode and shot control, plus the combination of wood (on the steam valve control and portafilter handle) and metal finishes. The portafilter accessory is well built as the tamper is entirely made of metal. The machine resembles a baby KitchenAid stand mixer in overall aesthetic.

From an external build quality and industrial design perspective, the yellow “Tweety bird” with a café-style flexible steam wand that we evaluated looked great. It also pulled excellent shots and, due to the thermoblock, came up quickly to steam mode (within two or three minutes from wake up).

While not especially powerful, the steam wand made a great silky microfoam, provided we gave the thermoblock additional time to heat the water. (It takes about a minute for it to come up to steam temperature and then pump it out the frother nozzle.) We didn’t particularly like adjusting the PID on this system, as it only has two buttons and we needed to be lightning-quick to get into the menu system and make changes.

We do like this machine, but we would expect that, if maintenance had to be performed, given its extensive programmability and digital controls, you’d want to outsource that maintenance, unless you were especially mechanically and electrically inclined. At five years, however, its warranty is one of the longest we’ve seen on a consumer machine, which is reassuring if you are considering a purchase.

We also tested the dual-thermoblock version of Ascaso’s more sedately styled Steel series, the Duo, which shares most of its parts and electronic controls with the Dream series we tested. Externally, it looks different, with squared-off, slanted, sharp lines. It reminds us of something that might be used at the café in the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao. Even though it has two thermoblocks, it’s not much bigger than its smaller, more rounded-off cousin. The Duo comes with a heavy metal, wood-accented portafilter and a heavy metal tamper.

Because of its dual-thermoblock design, this model gave us instant heat on the milk frother, so there was no waiting between shots and milk-frothing duty when we were making multiple milk drinks. Like the smaller Ascaso Dream, its PID menu is difficult to use. But once it is set up for desired temperature, pre-infusion and shot timing, there’s little need to adjust it again.

We opened the Duo up due to some issues with it being shaken during shipping, which loosened some electronic connectors. We found a tight rat’s nest of wiring, electronics and plumbing, as you would expect from a machine with digital programmability.

As with the Dream, the Duo is an excellent machine, with plenty of technology and innovation. But if you need to get it fixed, you’ll likely want it outsourced unless you are very confident with opening things up and dealing with electrical and plumbing spaghetti.

At this price level, we were more inclined toward espresso machines with simpler designs that are easy for users to repair. However, the Ascaso is worth considering if you’re not one to disassemble an espresso machine to replace gaskets or worn-out pumps. As with the Dream, it has a five-year warranty, which should provide a good amount of peace of mind.

We greatly looked forward to reviewing the Nuovo Simonelli Oscar II espresso machine because of the café heritage that Nuovo Simonelli has with its commercial equipment, and we expected something closer to a commercial machine than a consumer one. We also appreciated its forward-thinking, energy-conserving heat-exchange design, which indirectly lets the steam boiler heat the brew group, thus removing the need for a secondary boiler and making the machine less expensive. We would like to see this design philosophy used more often in prosumer-level systems from other manufacturers.

We even opened the Nuovo Simonelli Oscar II up, though it wasn’t by choice. When it was delivered to us, we discovered that the plumbing line cap for the external water supply (as this is designed for small-volume café operation) was not installed inside the machine during the initial priming procedure. (Pro tip: Make sure your machine isn’t configured for plumbed-in operation before you prime it.)

After examining the internals, it does appear that the Nuovo Simonelli Oscar II is very well put together, but there was more plastic on the machine than we anticipated. This is especially true if you compare it with a much less expensive machine like the Rancilio Silvia M V6 or the ECM Casa V. We also didn’t like the plastic steam lever, though the steam boiler is powerful and makes high-quality microfoam. We felt its operation was better suited to a café with a higher volume than to a home espresso setup. You’ll want to use a much larger milk-steaming carafe than a single portion for a 5-ounce latte or you’ll find it will overflow in about eight seconds.

The Nuovo Simonelli Oscar II does produce nice shots once you’ve given the system time to fully power on. It took us about 45 minutes to get the brew group nice and hot with an initial shot of water purge. After dialing it in a bit coarser from the ultra-fine powder grind, we got it to pull nice, hot shots (which are timed using preprogrammed buttons for single and double) with excellent crema. The machine does not have a manometer to judge pressure, and there’s no PID or electronic display. However, a push-button sequence adjusts the shot timing.

If you have a small restaurant, the Nuovo Simonelli Oscar II would be a good choice. It’s not hard to open up and get to essential parts to make repairs. But it’s too much for domestic use; there are other machines on our list that we would rather use at home, such as the Ascaso Dream, Lelit Victoria, Silvia M V6 and ECM Casa V.

Dual-boiler espresso machines

The Breville Dual Boiler is a gorgeous, modern-looking espresso machine that would be the pride of any kitchen and is utterly loaded with technology. Unlike the machines in its Barista line, this system uses a standard 58-millimeter portafilter and accessories. A PID controller manages and stabilizes the temperature of the main and steam boiler. The controls are accessed via an easy-to-read, high-contrast, black-and-white LCD screen.

Since it can wake up quickly from a low-power standby mode, you can leave it powered up and, as long as you fill the reservoir, the machine is ready to pull shots and steam milk every morning. The shot buttons allow for timed dosing control, which can be adjusted in the menu system, and we’d get precise and repeatable extraction every single time. We thought the coffee this system could extract was exceptional, matching any of the top systems on this list.

Why didn’t it hit the top of our list? Mainly because of its technical complexity and because it felt more like a consumer appliance than professional-grade barista equipment. While we have heard of some enthusiasts being able to perform some simple repairs on the machine, overall, this is one where most customers will elect to send it back to the company for servicing or refurbishment when a part breaks. Breville’s policy is to typically charge about a third of the system’s cost, which covers two-way shipping, in exchange for a refurbished unit for an out-of-warranty repair, which we think is reasonable.

Although the Rancilio Silvia Pro was our favorite dual-boiler espresso machine, the Lelit Elizabeth has a lot to offer with its café-level feature set. We liked it so much during testing that we used it as our daily driver for over a week.

This steel machine is well-constructed and includes an analog manometer, a PID with dual-boiler control, pre-infusion and shot timing. On paper, it’s a superior system. This is the machine for you if you want café-quality construction and results but prefer an automatic that does more of the work for you so you can focus on the grind and tamp.

We loved the fit and finish of the Lelit Elizabeth, from the push buttons to the brightly lit LCD on the PID, which we found easy to program. Internally, it also looks easy to service, like the Rancilio Silvia, which is refreshing for such a complex machine. We also loved the standard 58-millimeter saturated group head and appreciated the unique forward-facing spouts of the stainless Lelit portafilter.

As with other machines of its type, it requires a tight powder grind, which in our testing produced shots with rich crema, and the powerful dedicated steam boiler was always ready and provided microfoam for making café-quality latte drinks.

So, why didn’t it beat the Silvia Pro? It turns out that the Lelit Elizabeth (and the single-boiler Lelit Victoria) has an Achilles’ heel: The steam valve can easily be jammed open in normal use, emptying the entire steam boiler in a Mount Vesuvius-like eruption. If this happens, you need to immediately shove a milk carafe under the steam wand to catch the resulting super-heated water as it empties the steam boiler. When we encountered this problem, it was utterly terrifying. To fix it, you have to remove the cheap plastic steam valve knob (which can be replaced by a third-party knob of your choice), and then, using a wrench, twist the valve rod back into the fully closed position.

We don’t think this is necessarily a deal breaker. The Lelit Elizabeth is still worth considering, but we don’t think a machine at this price with so many automatic conveniences should require that you fit your own steam knob to avoid this issue. If the machine’s strengths appeal to you, just be aware before you purchase.

Superautomatic espresso machines

We loved the simplicity, diversity and quality of the De’Longhi Eletta Explore (read our full review). If you love coffee but care more about the taste of the drink than the art of the espresso pull, this machine can brew you a variety of tasty hot or cold drinks with the press of a few buttons. The De’Longhi Eletta Explore has over 50 preset drink options, automatic cleaning cycles and the option to create personal profiles to save your favorite drinks.

The only thing we didn’t quite love about this machine was its price. At $1,748, there are more affordable superautomatic espresso machines available. And if you already know how to make good espresso on a budget, you can stick with a traditional, manual espresso maker like?the De’Longhi Stilosa. But if you find yourself hopping to Starbucks or your local coffee shop for your fix, where drinks can cost upwards of $6 per cup, you might be willing to make the long-term investment in this machine, which can satisfy every taste in your household.

The De’Longhi Magnifica Evo is a midrange superautomatic espresso machine that checks most boxes for those who don’t have the time or energy to tinker with pulling the perfect shot. It is simple to set up and use, and yields coffee shop results in most drinks. However, if you primarily drink standard coffee, it may not be worth the price.

The Philips 3200 LatteGo Espresso Machine — our pick for the best superautomatic espresso machine — is more compact than the De’Longhi Magnifica Evo and retails for around $700. The milk frother on the De’Longhi Magnifica Evo produced stellar results, but our reviewers found it was easy to overfill and often leaked.

The Gaggia Magenta Prestige is similar in design to the Philips 3200 LatteGo Espresso Machine and has the best milk frother sidecar design. In our opinion, it also produced the best milk consistency of all the superautomatic espresso machines we tested.

However, we didn’t like the overall user experience as much. The milk jug’s locking mechanism was finicky, and we had problems getting consistent water volume and coffee strength from our shots. Its programming settings were clunky, and it had slow shot-to-shot performance compared to the other espresso machines we tested.

If you don’t like milk drinks and prefer only to drink espresso shots or pull Americanos, we enjoyed the simplicity of the Jura ENA 4, the Jura D6’s smaller sibling, which does not have a milk steamer/frother. It pulls great shots with nice crema and is a great purchase if this is all you want to do with it.

The controls are much simpler, with only four buttons underneath the LED display for single shot, double shot, coffee strength and programming mode to adjust shot time, strength and temperature. Grind settings are accomplished with a manual dial on the top of the machine circling the bean hopper.

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